Verbul
In limba engleza sunt doua categorii de verbe:
-verbe regulate
-verbe neregulate
Verbele regulate:
Cele mai multe verbe in limba engleza sunt regulate. Ele se conjuga astfel:
Indicativ prezent :
I call I do not call
You call You do not call
He calls He does not call
She calls She does not call
We call We do not call
You call You do not call
They call They do not ask
Forma interogativa: Forma interogativ-negativa:
Do I call ? Don't I call ?
Do you call ? Don't you call ?
Does he call ? Doesn't he call ?
Does she call ? Doesn't she call ?
Do we call ? Don't we call ?
Do you call ? Don't you call ?
Do they call ? Don't they call ?
- - - La indiativ prezent, numai prsoana a treia (III-a) singular, verbele primesc un "-s",
celelalte ramanand neschimbate.
- - - Pentru verbele terminate in "ch", "sh", "ss", "x" - la persoana III-a singular va fi
"-es".
- - - Verbele terminate in "y" precedate de o consoana, schimba pe "y" in "i" si primesc
terminatia "-es".
- - - Verbele terminate in "o" primesc terminatia "-es"
Toate verbele din limba engleza (cu exceptia celor doua verbe auxiliare: HAVE = a avea si
BE = a fi) se conjuga la formele simple interogative si negative cu ajutorul auxiliarului
DO/DOES.
Past tense :
La Imperfect si Perfect Simplu verbele neregulate primesc terminatia "-ed".
I called
You called
He called
she called
We called
You called
They called
Forma negativa:
I did not call
You did not call
He did not call
She did not call
We did not call
You did not call
They did not call
Forma interogativa: Forma interogatv-negativa:
Did I call ? Didn't I call ?
Did you call ? Didn't you call ?
Did she call ? Didn't she call ?
Did he call ? Didn't he call ?
Did we call ? Didn't we call ?
Did you call ? Didn't you call ?
Did they call ? Didn't they call ?
Future Tense:
Viitorul in limba engleza se formeaza cu ajutorul verbelor auxiliare SHALL/WILL urmate de
infinitiv.
- auxiliarul SHALL - pentru persoana I singular si plural
- auxiliarul Will - pentru restul persoanelor
I shall call
You will call
He will call
She will call
We shall call
You will call
They will call
Forma negativa :
I shall not (shan't) call
You will not call
He will not call
We shall not call
You will not call
They will not call
Forma interogativa :
Shall I call ?
Will you call ?
Will he call ?
Will she call ?
Shall we call ?
will you call ?
Will they call ?
Mai-mult-ca-perfect(past perfect):
M.m.c.p se formeaza cu ajutorul verbului auxiliar HAVE la trecur (adica HAD) +participiu
trecut al verbului.
I had called
You had called
He had called
She had called
We had called
You had called
They had called
Conditionalul prezent
:
Se formeaza cu verbele auxiliarele SHOULD/WOULD + infinitivul verbului.
I should call
You would call
...
Conditionalul trecut :
Se formeaza din conditionalul prezent al verbului HAVE + participiu trecut al verbului
I should have called
you would have called
He would have called
She would have called
We should have called
You would have called
They would have called
Participiu prezent:
Se formeaza adaugand "-ing" la infinitivul verbului.
to call = a striga, a suna -> calling = strigand
Participiu trecut :
Se formeaza adaugand "-ed" la infinitivul verbului
call -> called
| Nr. |
Tense |
Form |
Used to express |
Romana |
| 1. |
Present Tense Simple |
S + V1
Do/Does + S + V1
S + Do/does + not + V1 |
1.actiuni obisnuite repetabile
2.adevaruri general valabile
3.repros, constatari
4.in loc de viitpr- pentru actiuni planificate oficial |
Prezent |
| 2. |
Present Tense Continous |
S + To be + V-ing |
1.actiuni care se petrec in momentul vorbirii(now, at present, at the moment)
2.actiuni temporare(today, this week, this mounth)
3.repros accentuat aproape de prezent.
4.actiuni oficiale planificate neoficial |
Prezent |
| 3. |
Present Perfect Simple |
S + have/has + V3
Have/has + S + V3 |
1.actiune termiata in moment trecut neprecizat (lately, just, always, offe, ever,
never)
2.actiune terminata in perioada de timp neterminata (today, this week)
3.actiune terminata care are legatura cu prezentul |
Perfect compus |
| 4. |
Present Perfect Continous |
S + have/has + been + v-ing
Have/has + been + S + V-ing |
actiune inceputa in trecut care se continua si in prezent sau al carui rezultat se vede
acum in prezent
For + perioada de timp
Since + inceputul de timp |
prezent |
| 5. |
Past tense simple |
S + V2
Did + S + V1
S + did + not + V1 |
Actiunitrecute terminate in momentul precizat(ago, last, yesterday, in 1990) |
perfect compus |
| 6. |
Past tense continous |
S + was/were + V-ing |
actiune trecuta in progres:
while + timp continuu
when + timp simple |
imperfect |
| 7. |
Past perfect simple |
S + had + V3 |
exprima o actiune trecuta terminata inaintea altei actiuni trecute |
m.m.c.p. |
| 8. |
Past perfect continous |
S + had + been + V-ing |
actiune trecutain progres, inceputa inaintea altei actiuni trecute |
imperfect |
In limba engleza este foarte important sa stim conjugarea celor doua verbe auxiliare :HAVE
si BE.
TO HAVE = a avea
Indicativ prezent :
I have
you have
He has
She has
We have
You have
They have
Imperfectul si perfect simplu:
I had
you had
He had
She had
We had
You had
They had
M.m.c.p.
I had had
you had had
He had had
She had had
We had had
You had had
They had had
Viitorul:
I shall have
You will have
He will have
She will have
We shall have
You will have
They will have
Conditional prezent :
I should have
You would have
He would have
She would have
We would have
You would have
They would have
Conditional trecut :
I should have had
You would have had
He would have had
She would have had
We would have had
You would have had
They would have had
Participiu prezent: having
Participiu trecut : had
TO BE = a fi
Indicativ prezent :
I am
You are
He is
She is
We are
You are
They are
Imperfectul:
I was
You were
He was
She was
We were
You were
They were
M.m.c.p.:
I had been
You had been
He had been
She had been
We had been
You had been
They had been
Viitor:
I shall be
You will be
He will be
She will be
They shall be
You will be
Yhey will be
Conditional prezent:
I should be
We would be
...
Conditionalul trecut :
I should have been
He would have been
...
Participiu prezent : being
Participiu trecut : been
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